Myung In Haloperidol Adverse Reactions

Cardiovascular system: ECG abnormality (QT-interval prolongation, T wave changes etc.), lowering of the blood pressure, hypertension, tachycardia, and atypical ventricular tachycardia (including torsades de pointes) may occur. Should be observed closely and then if signs of any damage occur, discontinuation or gradual dosage reductions are recommended.
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS): Akinesia, severe muscle rigidity, dysdipsia, tachycardia, irregular pulse or blood pressure, diaphoresis etc. may occur. In case of occurring hyperpyrexia with this syndrome, treatment should be withdrawn immediately and appropriate supportive therapy including hypothermia, rehydration should be used. Additional signs may include leucocytosis, elevated CPK, myoglobinuria and acute renal failure. The death has been reported in patients; in others, the cause appeared to be continuous hyperpyrexia, disturbance conciousness, dyspnea, circulatory collapse, hypohydration and acute renal failure from bad to worse.
Extrapyramidal Reactions: Acute dystonia (oculogyric crises), torticollis, movements of the mouth, dysphagia, parkinsonian rigidity, tremor, akathisia, lack of sitting in triangle ability have been reported. While all can occur at relatively low doses, they occur more frequently with greater severity at higher doses. The symptoms may be controlled with dose reductions or administration of antiparkinson drugs are administered carefully.
Tardive dyskinesia: Tardive dyskinesia, a syndrome consisting of potentially irreversible, involuntary, dyskinetic movements may occur after short periods of treatment with low dosages or drug therapy has been discontinued. The risk appears to be greater in elder patients, especially females, patient brain damage and an emotional disorder. The treatment is discontinued if tardive dyskinesia appears. Anitparkinson drugs tend to exacerbate the symptoms of this syndrome. There is no proven or uniformly effective treatment for tardive diskinesia. This agent is administered minimum effective dosage on short-term therapy carefully. If the antiparkinson drugs are stopped at that time, short dystonia may occur.
Liver: Hepatitis, jaundice, impaired liver function may occur. These are indication for immediate withdrawal of the drug.
Eye: Paropsis including retinitis, cataract, disturbances of accommodation, and the blurred vision, impurity of cornea and crystalline lens on long-term or overdose therapy, and chromopexy of cornea.
Hypersensitivity: Edema, rash, urticaria, exfoliative dermatitis, photosensitivity, and anaphylaxis may occur. In such cases, treatment should be discontinued.
Hematologic effects: Anemia, leukocytosis, leucopenia, aglobulia, and agranulocytosis.
Gastrointestinal system: Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, and diarrhea may occur. Rarely intestinal paralysis (anorexia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, abdominal distention or atony, intestinal stasis) may occur and since paralytic intestinal obstruction should be shifted, observe sufficiently, haloperidol is contraindicated for intestinal paralysis.
Endocrine system: Hyperprolactinaemia, gynecomastia, lactation, menstrual irregularities and changes in libido, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, increase in weight or decrease may occur. Hyponatremia, hypotonicemia, increase in uric sodium, excretion, hypertonic urine, tremor, disturbance consciousness, syndrome of inappropriate ADH have rarely been reported. In such cases, discontinue the treatment and use appropriate supportive care including rehydrational restriction.
Respiratory effects: Bronchospasm, laryngospasm, and dyspnea may occur. In such cases, discontinue the treatment.
Nervous system: Insomnia, restlessness, drowsiness, vertigo, headache, anxiety, depression, hallucination, and agitation may occur.
Others: Dry mouth, stuffy nose, fatigue, anuresis, pyrexia, diaphoresis, and flush may occur.